Arka czasu, czyli wielka ucieczka Rafała od kiedyś przez wtedy do teraz i wstecz [The Ark of Time, or Rafał’s Great Escape from Once Through Then Until Now and Back]

Author: Marcin Szczygielski
Illustrator: Daniel de Latour
Year: 2013
Publisher: Wydawnictwo Piotra Marciszuka STENTOR
Place of publication: Warszawa
Pages: 288
ISBN: 9788363462154
Notes: Second edition with illustrations by the author: M. Szczygielski, Arka czasu, czyli wielka ucieczka Rafała od kiedyś przez wtedy do teraz i wstecz, Warszawa: Instytut Wydawniczy Latarnik, 2015, pp. 221, ISBN: 9788363841218
Translations:
  • El arca del tiempo, trans. K. Olszewska Sonnenberg, Madrid: Báltica Editorial, pp. 255, ISBN: 9788494722714;
  • Flügel aus Papier, trans. T. Weiler, Frankfurt am Main: Fischer Sauerländer Verlag, 2015, pp. 285, ISBN: 9783737352123;
  • Ковчег времени или Большой побег Рафала из Когда-то в Сейчас через Тогда – и обратно, trans. А. Фруман, ill. С. Ухач, Москва: Текст, 2018, pp. 222, ISBN: 9785751614898;
  • Ковчег часу або Велика втеча Рафала із колись крізь тоді в тепер і назад, trans. Б. Антоняк, Львів: Урбіно 2016, pp. 232, ISBN: 9789662647303.

Rafał’s favorite pastime is reading books, particularly adventure and fantastic stories. He lives with his grandfather in the Warsaw Ghetto. Despite the tragic realities surrounding him, Rafał visits the library regularly. One day, he reaches for H. G. Wells’ Time Machine (1895), the classic science fiction novel. In the tale of the conflict between cave-dwelling Morlocks and the oppressed Elois, Rafał sees an analogy to his own existence under German occupation, the everyday life in the Ghetto, and the time of the Holocaust. The word “KIEDYŚ” (in Polish meaning both “once” and “one day”) is repeated throughout The Ark of Time like a mantra. It is always written in capital letters. In Rafał’s perspective, it refers both to the past and the present, allowing him to compare the dreadful contemporaneity to what once was, but also to dream about a hopeful future. In the face of terror increasing in the Ghetto, Rafał’s grandfather pays for his smuggling to the so-called “Aryan” side, where the boy finds a hiding place in Warsaw’s zoological garden. At one point, he even gets into a Time Machine and is transported into the future, that is the year 2013 (when the novel was published). After a short sojourn, he returns to the time of the Second World War. However, the trip in time fills Rafał with the hope that a different future will come “ONE DAY”. When the area surrounding the zoo is stormed by the Germans, Rafał is transported to an elderly woman’s apartment where he survives the rest of the war.

The Ark of Time is distinguished by its combination of realistic and fantastic conventions (e.g. time travel). Notably, most of its plot is set on the “Aryan” side of Warsaw. Fragments of Szczygielski’s prose are inspired by surviving accounts of the Holocaust, Janusz Korczak’s writings, and the memoirs of Antonina Żabinska, who harbored Jews smuggled out of the Warsaw Ghetto in the Warsaw Zoo with her husband Jan, the Zoo’s director. Moreover, the author mentions a variety of locations in the Jewish quarter, often lesser known ones, which rarely appear in children’s literature. They include the Centos soup kitchen or the library at 67 Leszno Street, whose collections Rafał peruses (indeed, a lending library was located at that address as one of the twenty similar facilities in the Warsaw Ghetto). All this attests to the author’s meticulous research. In addition, the text was annotated and given a postface, entitled “Afterword, or what the first reader of the book wanted to know” (the original Polish refers to a female reader specifically), where Szczygielski reveals his inspirations and readings about the Holocaust as well as discusses events and people described in The Ark of Time.

 

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